4.1 199855 4.2 216784 4.3 25931 for i = 10% 4.4 4326, 64360 4.6 15183 4.11 A: -57954 B: -53176 4.13 Concrete: -643294 Galvaniz: -731082 4.14 I : -20804 II: -19935 4.29 280993 4.31 668207 4.32 -2000 for both